Water Erosion: Experiment One

Title

Question: What happens to land when water flows over it?

Hypothesis: I think the land will get soft and flat and wet, also the water will make a canyon.

Materials: 1 ruler, 1 bucket with a hole, one bucket without a hole, measuring cup, rough sand, clay, fine sand wood piece.

Procedure:
1. Set up experiment by: having one side higher than the other, a ruler holding up a cup that the water was falling from, and a hole at the end of the tray where the water came out from.
2. We poured the water into the cup with the hole, so the water would slowly spill onto the sand and erode it.
3. every minute we wrote down what was different than the minute before.
4. When the first 2 cups of water ran out we filled up the cup again.
Observation:

1. The sand slowly curved in to make sand deeper.
2. Water started to flow to the right.
3. Water is making a little a valley in the sand, causing sand to fall down.
4. The valley has turned into a canyon
5. More water is coming down the hill faster.
6. The canyon is getting wider.
7. The canyon is so wide that the water has split into two streams.
8. The canyon is much deeper than before.
9. The two rivers have split into four.
10. the hole where the water drops in is much deeper than the rest of the canyon.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was correct and I learned how water erosion works.

Land Form Definitions

Erosion:  1.The gradual destruction of something.
2. The process of Eroding or being eroded by wind, water, chemicals, etc.

Flood: An overflow of water beyond it's usual limit.

Weathering: The State of the atmosphere at a certain place and time.

Deforestation: When something or someone clears a big area of trees.

Earth Plate: A metal plate buried in the Earth to serve as an Earth connection.

Landslide: a collapse of a big chunk of earth and rock that has fallen/slid off a cliff or mountain.

Glacier: A mass of ice slowly moving across the water or earth.

The Rapid Process of Erosion: A quick process of eroding. ex: Landslides or Tsunamis.

The Slow Process of Erosion: A slower process of eroding. ex: Water or Wind Erosion.

Tsunami: A long and high sea wave caused by an Earthquake.

Earthquake: A sudden shake and movement in the ground, causing damage to cites or settlements.

Debris: Scattered pieces of garbage or remains.

Topsoil: The top layer of soil.

Sediment: Matter that settles at the bottom of a liquid.

Volcanoes: A mountain having a crater or vent through where lava are erupted from the Earth's crust.

Canyon: A deep gorge, or big ditch with or without water flowing through it.

Plateau: an area of leveled high ground.

Dune: A mound of sand or other loose sediment.

Delta: A place where a river splits into several branches.

Valley: A low space of land in between a mountain or hill.

Science: Essential Question

Why does the Earth's surface look the way it does? Well, the Earth looks the way it does due to: Natural Disasters, and the Big Bang. But, a big part of how our Earth looks is due to Erosion. There are four different types of Erosion, for Example Wind Erosion, Water Erosion, Chemical Erosion and Glacier Erosion. Wind Erosion, is when the wind carries sand or dirt into a rock, chipping away the rock, causing the rock to take a different form. Second, Water Erosion, is when there's a flood or a heavy rain, water runs down the side of a mountain or hill making canyons and ditches. Glacier Erosion, is when a huge glacier moves a cross a patch of land and flattens out all of the hills and mountains in the area.   

Nico as a Scientist

 My name is Nico, My Favorite things in science this year are the experiments with the pendulums and the Science Adaptation Fair. I think learning science is important, because we have to learn how the world works and how it affects us and the rest of the world. Another great thing about science class is that we get to do experiments. I like to do experiments because, when we do experiments we get to work together in making our knowledge grow about science such as: gravity, physics, chemistry, etc. somethings that help me in science class this year is being patient and knowing how to work with others. This year, almost every activity we did involved working with a partner, and learning to cope with that  helped me stay focused and on track with what I'm doing. Also, patience helped me in the past science units by helping me not get mad at my partner but also helped me no get mad at myself. Finally, If I was a scientist when I'm older I would be an Astronomer, studying space and what's out there.